Why you rarely say あなた (“you”)
Use the person's name or title, or nothing at all.要点The idea
あなた exists, but saying it to someone's face can sound distant or even rude, so use their name + さん, their title, or nothing at all.田中たなかさん は 学生がくせい です か？tanaka-san wa gakusei desu ka?Are you a student?Talking to Tanaka: their name stands in for “you”.
先生せんせい は どう 思おもいます か？sensei wa dou omoimasu ka?What do you think? (to a teacher)Titles replace “you” for teachers, bosses and seniors.
部長ぶちょう も 行いきます か？buchou mo ikimasu ka?Are you coming too? (to your boss)
Aあなた は 学生がくせい です か？anata wa gakusei desu ka?Are you a student?Grammatical, but feels cold or confrontational.
B学生がくせい です か？gakusei desu ka?Are you a student?The most natural of all: a question already points at the listener.